Sakhiddin Iboev
Independent researcher,
Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
ORCID: 0009-0001-0018-5178
Abstract. This article analyzes the role of the state budget in financing educational institutions in the Republic of Uzbekistan and its impact on the quality of education and the stability of the education system. The main objective of the study is to assess the dynamics of budget allocations to education, their distribution across key areas, and the effectiveness of the use of public funds. Education financing is examined as a crucial factor in human capital development, and the strategic importance of state financial policy in ensuring sustainable educational development is substantiated. The research employs methods such as scientific abstraction, comparative analysis, statistical analysis, and analytical evaluation. Based on the analysis of annual changes in state budget expenditures, growth trends in allocations to education, healthcare, and science within the social sector are identified. The findings indicate that in recent years, public spending on education has steadily increased, contributing to the improvement of preschool, general secondary, and higher education infrastructure, the motivation of teaching staff, and the digitalization of the educational process. At the same time, the relatively low share of funding allocated to science and research activities has been identified as a potential constraint on the long-term innovative development of the education system. The article proposes practical recommendations aimed at improving the efficiency of education financing, including the introduction of performance-based indicators for budget expenditures, the expansion of public-private partnership mechanisms, and increased support for scientific research and innovation. The results of the study can be used in improving public financial management in education and in developing policies focused on strengthening human capital and ensuring sustainable socio-economic development.
Keywords: state budget, education system, financing, social spending, education reforms, budget dynamics, science and education spending, digitalization.